Encoder: The encoder's role is to convert the input audio waveform into a more abstract representation that captures the relevant phonetic and linguistic information. It typically uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) or a recurrent neural network (RNN) with bidirectional layers to process the input audio.
Decoder: The decoder takes the encoded representation from the encoder and generates the corresponding sequence of words or characters. It uses an attention mechanism to focus on different parts of the encoded representation while generating the output sequence step-by-step.
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